Description
Avocado (scientific name: Persea americana Mill.) is a plant of the genus Lauraceae Avocado, an evergreen tree, and a shade-tolerant plant. It is about 10 meters high, and the bark is gray-green with longitudinal cracks. The leaves are alternate, oblong, elliptic, ovate or obovate, with extremely pointed apex, wedge-shaped base, extremely pointed to nearly round, leathery, green on the top, and usually slightly pale underneath. The flowers are light green with yellowish, 5-6 mm long, pedicels up to 6 mm long, densely covered with yellowish-brown pubescent hairs. The perianth is densely covered with yellowish-brown pubescent hair on both sides, and the perianth tube is inverted cone-shaped. The fruit is large, usually pear-shaped, sometimes ovoid or spherical, yellow-green or reddish brown, with cork in the exocarp and fleshy in the mesocarp and edible. Flowering from February to March, fruiting from August to September.
It is native to tropical America; it is cultivated in a small amount in Guangdong (Guangzhou, Shantou), Hainan (Haikou), Fujian (Fuzhou, Zhangzhou), Taiwan, Yunnan (Xishuangbanna) and Sichuan (Xichang) in China. It is also cultivated in the Philippines, the southern part of the former Soviet Union, and central Europe.
The fruit is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value. It contains a variety of vitamins, rich fat and protein, and has a high content of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc. It can also be used for dishes and cans in addition to being eaten as raw fruits; Fatty oil, non-drying oil with mild aroma, specific gravity 0.9132, saponification value 192.6, iodine value 94.4, non-saponifiable matter 1.6%, used for food, medicine and cosmetic industry
