Description
Fir (scientific name: Abies fabri (Mast.) Craib) is an evergreen tree with straight trunk and whorled branches. The bark is gray or dark gray, cracked into irregular flakes and fixed on the trunk, the inner bark is light red; the large branches extend obliquely, and the annual branches are light brown yellow, light gray yellow or light brown, and the grooves between the leaf pillows are sparse Short-haired or glabrous, two- and three-year-old branches are light brown-gray or brown-gray; winter buds are spherical or ovoid, with resin. The cones are ovoid-cylindrical or short-cylindrical, slightly wider at the base, round or slightly concave at the top, with short stalks, dark black or light blue-black when ripe, and slightly white powdered. Flowering in May, cones mature in October.
Distributed in Europe, Asia, North America, Central America and the northernmost subalpine to alpine region of Africa. Abies occurred in the Late Cretaceous, and the species increased in the Tertiary Miocene and Quaternary, and their distribution areas expanded. They were preserved during the glacial and interglacial periods and have been multiplying to this day.
Fir has a strong tolerance to negative, adapt to warm and cold climate, the soil is mainly mountain brown earth and dark brown earth. It often forms pure forests on shady slopes, semi-shady slopes and valleys from high latitudes to low latitudes from subalpine to alpine areas, or forms needles with spruce, larch, hemlock, and certain pine and broad-leaved trees that tend to be cold and wet. Leaf mixed forest or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest.
